This NIP defines addressable events for podcast shows and episodes, optimized for metadata, discovery, and long-lived references.

NIP-74: Podcasts

NIP-74 example site: https://www.transmit.fm/

Podcasts

draft optional

This NIP defines addressable events for podcast shows and episodes, optimized for metadata, discovery, and long-lived references.

This NIP is compatible with Podcasting 2.0 metadata. Clients and publishers may mirror Podcasting 2.0 fields as tags while keeping Nostr-native semantics.

Event kinds#

30074: Podcast Show
30075: Podcast Episode

Podcast Show (`kind:30074`)#

Represents a podcast show.

Required tags#

d - unique show identifier (recommended: podcast:guid:<guid> or a stable slug)
title - show title

Recommended tags#

summary - short description
language - BCP-47 language code (e.g. en, en-US)
explicit - content rating (true/false or clean/explicit)
image - show artwork URL
r - website or RSS feed URL (repeatable)
i - external IDs via NIP-73 (e.g. podcast:guid:<guid>, podcast:publisher:guid:<guid>)
t - categories/keywords (repeatable)
p - Nostr pubkeys for hosts/producers (repeatable)
person - people with roles (repeatable, format below)
funding - funding URL (repeatable, optional label)
value - value container (see Podcasting 2.0 alignment below)
value_recipient - value recipients (repeatable, see format below)
content-warning - if applicable (NIP-36)

Content#

content MAY include a longer description.

Podcast Episode (`kind:30075`)#

Represents a single podcast episode, linked to a show.

Required tags#

d - unique episode identifier (recommended: podcast:item:guid:<guid> or a stable slug)
title - episode title
published_at - unix timestamp (string) of original publication
a - reference to the show: 30074:<pubkey>:<d>

Recommended tags#

i - external IDs via NIP-73 (e.g. podcast:item:guid:<guid>, optional show podcast:guid:<guid>)
duration - episode length in seconds (string)
season - season number (string)
episode - episode number (string)
episode_type - full, trailer, or bonus
language - BCP-47 language code (e.g. en, en-US)
explicit - content rating (true/false or clean/explicit)
image - episode artwork URL (if different from show)
t - categories/keywords (repeatable)
p - Nostr pubkeys for guests/hosts (repeatable)
person - people with roles (repeatable, format below)
chapters - chapters URL and MIME type (e.g. application/json+chapters)
transcript - transcript URL and MIME type (repeatable, optional language/rel)
soundbite - highlight time range in seconds (repeatable; duration recommended 15–120s)
funding - funding URL (repeatable, optional label)
value - value container (see Podcasting 2.0 alignment below)
value_recipient - value recipients (repeatable, see format below)
content-warning - if applicable (NIP-36)

Audio media#

Episodes SHOULD include one or more imeta tags (NIP-92) describing audio variants, using fields from NIP-94. At minimum:

url - audio file URL
m - MIME type (e.g. audio/mpeg, audio/mp4)
x - SHA-256 of the file (hex)

Optional fields include size, duration, bitrate, image, and fallback.

Podcasting 2.0 alignment (optional)#

The following tags mirror common Podcasting 2.0 fields. They are OPTIONAL and intended to improve interoperability with RSS-based tooling and indexers.

Nostr-native tag formats (recommended)#

These tags have Nostr-first semantics. Use them even if you are not mirroring RSS.

explicit - true/false or clean/explicit
language - BCP-47 language code (e.g. en, en-US)
duration - episode length in seconds (string)
episode - episode number (string; decimal allowed)
season - season number (string; integer recommended)
episode_type - full, trailer, or bonus
image - single artwork URL (lossy vs <podcast:image>)
p - Nostr pubkey references for people associated with the show/episode

Podcasting 2.0 compatibility tag formats (optional)#

These tags mirror Podcast Namespace RSS tags and should preserve required/optional fields where possible.

person - ["person", "<name>", "<role?>", "<group?>", "<href?>", "<img?>"]
Example: ["person", "Ada Lovelace", "host", "cast", "https://example.com", "https://example.com/ada.jpg"]
Example: ["person", "Ada Lovelace", "host", "cast", "nostr:nprofile1...", "https://example.com/ada.jpg"]
Defaults: role=host, group=cast. Episode-level person tags replace all show-level person tags.
If a person has a Nostr identity, include a p tag for their pubkey; person remains optional for RSS compatibility.
funding - ["funding", "<url>", "<label?>"]
chapters - ["chapters", "<url>", "<type>"] (e.g. application/json+chapters)
transcript - ["transcript", "<url>", "<type>", "<language?>", "<rel?>"]
soundbite - ["soundbite", "<start_seconds>", "<duration_seconds>", "<title?>"] (recommended 15–120s)
value - ["value", "<type>", "<method>", "<suggested?>"]
value_recipient - ["value_recipient", "<type>", "<address>", "<split>", "<name?>", "<fee?>", "<customKey?>", "<customValue?>"]
Example: ["value_recipient", "node", "02d5c1bf8b940dc9...", "40", "Alice (Podcaster)", "false"]
Example: ["value_recipient", "node", "03ae9f91a0cb8ff4...", "5", "Hosting Provider", "true", "customKey:boost", "customValue:thanks"]
Grouping: value_recipient tags belong to the nearest preceding value tag. If multiple value tags are present, group recipients by order.

Mapping guidance (Podcast Namespace → NIP-74 tags)#

Podcast Namespace tag	NIP-74 tag
`podcast:guid`	`i`
`podcast:person`	`person`
`podcast:funding`	`funding`
`podcast:chapters`	`chapters`
`podcast:transcript`	`transcript`
`podcast:soundbite`	`soundbite`
`podcast:episode`	`episode`
`podcast:season`	`season`
`podcast:value`	`value`
`podcast:valueRecipient`	`value_recipient`
`podcast:image`	`image`

Other RSS/iTunes fields (not Podcast Namespace)#

These are common in RSS feeds but are not podcast: tags.

RSS <language> → language
RSS <guid> (episode) → i tag podcast:item:guid:<guid> (via NIP-73)
iTunes <itunes:explicit> → explicit
iTunes <itunes:episodeType> → episode_type

Notes#

published_at SHOULD reflect the original public release date; created_at reflects when the Nostr event was created.
Episode events SHOULD include the show GUID (podcast:guid:<guid>) in an i tag when known.

Discovery#

List shows: filter kinds=[30074]
List episodes for a show: filter kinds=[30075] with #a=["30074:<pubkey>:<d>"]
Resolve by external GUID:
shows: kinds=[30074] with #i=["podcast:guid:<guid>"]
episodes: kinds=[30075] with #i=["podcast:item:guid:<guid>"]

Client behavior#

Clients SHOULD render title, summary, and image where available.
Clients SHOULD prefer imeta audio variants and may fall back to other URLs.
Comments SHOULD use NIP-22 and reactions SHOULD use NIP-25 with NIP-73 IDs.

Examples#

Podcast Show#

{
  "kind": 30074,
  "created_at": 1737936000,
  "content": "A weekly show about distributed systems.",
  "tags": [
    ["d", "podcast:guid:c90e609a-df1e-596a-bd5e-57bcc8aad6cc"],
    ["title", "Nostr Builders"],
    ["summary", "Interviews with builders in the Nostr ecosystem."],
    ["image", "https://example.com/show-art.jpg"],
    ["r", "https://example.com"],
    ["r", "https://example.com/feed.xml"],
    ["i", "podcast:guid:c90e609a-df1e-596a-bd5e-57bcc8aad6cc"],
    ["t", "nostr"],
    ["t", "technology"]
  ]
}

Podcast Episode#

{
  "kind": 30075,
  "created_at": 1738022400,
  "content": "We discuss relay scaling, spam mitigation, and client UX.",
  "tags": [
    ["d", "podcast:item:guid:d98d189b-dc7b-45b1-8720-d4b98690f31f"],
    ["title", "Episode 42: Relays at Scale"],
    ["published_at", "1738020000"],
    ["a", "30074:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa:podcast:guid:c90e609a-df1e-596a-bd5e-57bcc8aad6cc"],
    ["i", "podcast:item:guid:d98d189b-dc7b-45b1-8720-d4b98690f31f"],
    ["i", "podcast:guid:c90e609a-df1e-596a-bd5e-57bcc8aad6cc"],
    ["duration", "3600"],
    ["season", "4"],
    ["episode", "42"],
    ["t", "nostr"],
    ["t", "scaling"],
    ["imeta",
      "url https://cdn.example.com/episodes/42.mp3",
      "m audio/mpeg",
      "x 3093509d1e0bc604ff60cb9286f4cd7c781553bc8991937befaacfdc28ec5cdc",
      "size 56000000",
      "duration 3600",
      "bitrate 128000",
      "image https://cdn.example.com/episodes/42.jpg",
      "fallback https://backup.example.com/episodes/42.mp3"
    ]
  ]
}

NIP-74: Podcasts

NIP-74: Podcasts

Event kinds#

Podcast Show (`kind:30074`)#

Required tags#

Recommended tags#

Content#

Podcast Episode (`kind:30075`)#

Required tags#

Recommended tags#

Audio media#

Podcasting 2.0 alignment (optional)#

Nostr-native tag formats (recommended)#

Podcasting 2.0 compatibility tag formats (optional)#

Mapping guidance (Podcast Namespace → NIP-74 tags)#

Other RSS/iTunes fields (not Podcast Namespace)#

Notes#

Discovery#

Client behavior#

Examples#

Podcast Show#

Podcast Episode#

Written by

Comments

Contents

NIP-74: Podcasts

NIP-74: Podcasts

Event kinds#

Podcast Show (kind:30074)#

Required tags#

Recommended tags#

Content#

Podcast Episode (kind:30075)#

Required tags#

Recommended tags#

Audio media#

Podcasting 2.0 alignment (optional)#

Nostr-native tag formats (recommended)#

Podcasting 2.0 compatibility tag formats (optional)#

Mapping guidance (Podcast Namespace → NIP-74 tags)#

Other RSS/iTunes fields (not Podcast Namespace)#

Notes#

Discovery#

Client behavior#

Examples#

Podcast Show#

Podcast Episode#

Written by

Comments

Podcast Show (`kind:30074`)#

Podcast Episode (`kind:30075`)#